Chaos theory emerged in the 1970s as a branch of mathematics that sought an alternative to linear differential equations. Linearity implies a strong element of predictability (for example, how a billiard ball will respond to being hit by another billiard ball). In contrast, chaos theory examines the behaviour of nonlinear systems (such as weather systems), in which there are such a wide range of variable factors that the effect of a change in any of them may have a disproportionate, and seemingly random, effect on others.The classic example of this is the so-called ‘butterfly effect’: the idea that the mere flap of a butterfly’s wing could cause a hurricane to occur on the other side of the globe.
7 Şubat 2016 Pazar
J.Ann Tickner (born 1937)
A US academic and feminist international relations theorist.An exponent of standpoint feminism,Tickner has exposed ways in which the conventional study of international relations marginalizes gender, whilst also being itself gendered. Her best known book, Gender in International Relations (1992a), highlights the biases and limitations of the masculinized, geo-political version of national security, demonstrating that it may enhance rather than reduce the insecurity of individuals and showing how peace, economic justice and ecological sustainability are vital to women’s security. Although she argues that gender relations shape the search for knowledge, Tickner’s ultimate goal is to transcend gender by overcoming gender inequality.Her other works include ‘ Hans Morgenthau’s Principles of Political Realism: A Feminist Reformulation ’ (1988) and ‘ Feminist Perspectives on 9/11 ’ (2002).
Unprecedented Second World War Images - 2
The conclusion of the non-aggression pact between Germany and Soviet Russia was a thorough rebuff of England's policy of encirclement. At the signing of the pact in the Kremlin.
England lives in groundless fear of war. Their armaments are of monstrous proportions. Our picture shows the new English anti-aircraft defenses.
The Berlin-Moscow non-aggression pact was signed by Reich Foreign Minister von Ribbentrop and Russian Foreign Minister Molotov.
The conference of Arab representatives convened in London under the chairmanship of Prime Minister Chamberlain. Arabs and Jews negotiate separately.
The Fuhrer receives the cultural ambassador of friendly Japan, Marquis Inouye in Berlin.
Reich Minister Goebbels during his speech at the Culture Rally for the proclamation of the Art Award of the Danzig Gau of the NSDAP.Reich Minister Goebbels during his speech at the Culture Rally for the proclamation of the Art Award of the Danzig Gau of the NSDAP.
Unprecedented Second World War Images
Saudi Arabia's king visits the Fuhrer
Besides the people's gas mask, there are also gas defenses created for German children.
In honor of the diplomatic corps the Fuhrer held a supper in Berlin, in which accredited ambassadors took part. The Fuhrer speaks with the British ambassador Sir Henderson.
The warm friendship between Japan and Germany finds expression in a Japanese art exhibition in Berlin. The Fuhrer greets Japanese Ambassador Oshima.
Italian Foreign Minister Count Ciano visits the Polish government for discussions. Count Ciano before the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Warsaw.
Reichs Foreign Minister von Ribbentrop pays a visit to Warsaw.
6 Şubat 2016 Cumartesi
Barzani’nin Irak kürdistan Rüyası
Irak Kürdistan yerel
yönetim başkanı Mesut Barzani, Salı akşamı yaptığı yazılı açıklamada, her
milletin kendi kaderini tayin etme hakkı olduğunu, Kürtlerin kendilerinin bu
işe kalkışmazlarsa başkalarının hiçbir zaman bu hakkı onlara tanımayacağını,
Kürt milletinin kaderini tayin etmesi için en doğru zamanın bu zaman olduğunu,
Kürtler için bağımsızlık referandumu yapma zamanının gelip geçtiğini belirtti.
Barzani referandum için
en uygun zamanı belirlemek ve bunu yapmak için kimseden izin isteyecek durumda
olmadıklarını, Kürt milletinin inkar edilmeyeceğini, Bu hakikatin inkar
edildiği sürece bölgede huzurun sağlanamayacağını ileri sürdü. Mesut Barzani
defalarca Kürdistan bağımsızlığından söz etmiş bulunuyor ve artık bu söylem
başta Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ve diğer batılı güçler tarafından sıkça dile
getirilmektedir. Son olarak bağımsızlıktan söz ettiği şartlarda Irak
topraklarının dörtte biri tekfirci( islam dininde bir nevi aforoz anlamına
gelmektedir, dinden çıkma anlamına gelir) selefi ‘’Vahhabi’’ terör örgütünün işgali
altındadır.
DAEŞ terör örgütünün
Neyneva eyaletini işgal sürecinin gizli boyutları vardır. Barzani hanedanı,
Musul merkezli Neyneva eyaletinin DAEŞ tarafınsan işgal edilmesine yeşil ışık
yakmıştı. Yapılan pazarlıklarda Barzaniler de Kerkük’e kadar ilerleyip, bu
şehri tamamen ele geçirecek ve petrol yataklarına hâkim olacaktı. Irak
kürdistan yerel yönetimi başkanı Mesut Barzani’nin Kürdistan bağımsızlığından
söz ettiği şartlarda, DAEŞ terör örgütüne karşı savaşta Irak halkının birlik ve
dayanışma içinde bulunması, Irak topraklarının vahşi terör örgütlerinden
temizlenmesi, Irak milli birliği ve toprak bütünlüğünün korunup takviye
edilmesi hayati önem taşımaktadır. Irak’taki kargaşa ve terör tehditleri devam
ederken, Kürdistan bölgesinin ayrılması ve Irak’ın parçalanması sevdası akılcı
bir yaklaşım değildir. Iraklı kürt halkının da belirttikleri gibi, Irak Kürt
yerel yönetimi, kamu çalışanlarının aylık maaşını ödemekten bile acizken, nasıl
bağımsız kürdistan devletini kurdurup yönetebilecek sorusu kafaları
karıştırmaktadır. İşin diğer
tarafında ise bölgesel güç olma sevdası peşinde olan İran ve Türkiye’nin de bu
konudaki yaklaşımları oldukça manidardır. 2000li yılların başından beri Türkiye’
de hegamon güç olan AKP hükümeti ilk zamanlar bir kürdistan devletinin
kurulmasına şiddetle karşı çıkıp buna izin vermeyeceklerini söylerken, sözde
çözüm süreci süresince bu söylemlerinden vazgeçmişlerdir.
Tabi bu konuda bir
de Amerika ve koalisyon güçlerinin de kolay kontrol edilebilir bir kürt
devletini kurmak isteyecekleri aşikardır. DAEŞ yada IŞİD ‘le mücadele
çerçevesinde Suriye ve Irak topraklarını legal yollardan ( tabi bu
müdahalelerin legalliği ve meşruiyeti oldukça karmaşık ve tartışılan bir konudur)
müdahalesi ve ortadoğuda sınırların yeniden belirlenmesi konusundaki çabaları
da açıkça karşımızda durmaktadır. Bana kalırsa Skyes-Picot ‘ un 100.yılında
2.bir Skyes-Picot uygulanmaya koyulmaya çalışılmaktadır.
S.Özgür
6.02.2016
5 Şubat 2016 Cuma
Antonio Gramsci (1891–1937)
Italian Marxist and social theorist. The son of a minor public official, Gramsci joined the Socialist Party in 1913, but switched to the newly-formed Italian Communist Party in 1921,being recognized as its leader by 1924. He was imprisoned by Mussolini in 1926, and remained incarcerated until his death. In Prison Notebooks (1970), written between 1929 and 1935, Gramsci sought to redress the emphasis within orthodox Marxism on economic or material factors. Rejecting any form of ‘scientific’ determinism, he stressed, through the theory of hegemony, the importance of political and intellectual struggle. Gramsci insisted that bourgeois hegemony could only be challenged at the political and intellectual level, through a ‘counter-hegemonic’ struggle, carried out in the interests of the proletariat and on the basis of socialist principles, values and theories.
Freedom in the World in 2016 by Fredom House
by Arch Puddington and Tyler Roylance
The world was battered in 2015 by overlapping crises that fueled xenophobic sentiment in democratic countries, undermined the economies of states dependent on the sale of natural resources, and led authoritarian regimes to crack down harder on dissent. These unsettling developments contributed to the 10th consecutive year of decline in global freedom. The democracies of Europe and the United States struggled to cope with the Syrian civil war and other unresolved regional conflicts. In addition to compounding the misery and driving up the death toll of civilians in the affected territories, the fighting generated unprecedented numbers of refugees and incubated terrorist groups that inspired or organized attacks on targets abroad. In democratic countries, these stresses led to populist, often bigoted reactions as well as new security measures, both of which threaten the core values of an open society.
The year also featured the slowdown of China’s economy and a related plunge in commodity prices, which hit profligate, export-dependent authoritarian regimes especially hard. Anticipating popular unrest, dictators redoubled political repression at home and lashed out at perceived foreign enemies. However, in several important countries, elections offered a peaceful way out of failed policies and mismanagement. Voters in places including Nigeria, Venezuela, and Myanmar rejected incumbents and gave new leaders or parliaments an opportunity to tackle corruption, economic decay, and corrosive security problems. These fresh starts suggest that democratic systems may ultimately prove more resilient than their brittle authoritarian counterparts.
The world was battered in 2015 by overlapping crises that fueled xenophobic sentiment in democratic countries, undermined the economies of states dependent on the sale of natural resources, and led authoritarian regimes to crack down harder on dissent. These unsettling developments contributed to the 10th consecutive year of decline in global freedom. The democracies of Europe and the United States struggled to cope with the Syrian civil war and other unresolved regional conflicts. In addition to compounding the misery and driving up the death toll of civilians in the affected territories, the fighting generated unprecedented numbers of refugees and incubated terrorist groups that inspired or organized attacks on targets abroad. In democratic countries, these stresses led to populist, often bigoted reactions as well as new security measures, both of which threaten the core values of an open society.
The year also featured the slowdown of China’s economy and a related plunge in commodity prices, which hit profligate, export-dependent authoritarian regimes especially hard. Anticipating popular unrest, dictators redoubled political repression at home and lashed out at perceived foreign enemies. However, in several important countries, elections offered a peaceful way out of failed policies and mismanagement. Voters in places including Nigeria, Venezuela, and Myanmar rejected incumbents and gave new leaders or parliaments an opportunity to tackle corruption, economic decay, and corrosive security problems. These fresh starts suggest that democratic systems may ultimately prove more resilient than their brittle authoritarian counterparts.
